To challenge agency actions, one must typically file an appeal or review petition with the concerned administrative authority or tribunal. If unresolved, the matter can be taken to court through writ petitions (like mandamus, certiorari, or prohibition) under Article 226 or 32 of the Constitution, on grounds such as illegality, irrationality, or procedural unfairness.

In reviewing an agency's actions, courts must "review the whole record or those parts cited by a party." The Supreme Court has interpreted this provision to mean that, in general, "the focal point for judicial review should be the administrative record already in existence, not some new record made initially in the.