The National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) and the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT) are quasi-judicial bodies in India that deal with corporate legal matters under the Companies Act, 2013 and the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC), 2016.
Powers of NCLT (National Company Law Tribunal):
1. Handles cases of oppression and mismanagement in companies.
2. Approves mergers, demergers, and restructuring schemes.
3. Acts as the adjudicating authority for corporate insolvency under IBC.
4. Orders winding up and revival of sick companies.
5. Resolves shareholder disputes and class action suits.
6. Directs investigations into company affairs.
7. Decides on rectification of registers and company conversions.
8. Handles disputes regarding reduction of share capital.
Powers of NCLAT (National Company Law Appellate Tribunal):
1. Hears appeals against NCLT orders.
2. Hears appeals from the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (IBBI).
3. Hears appeals from the Competition Commission of India (CCI).
4. Can modify, confirm, or overturn NCLT decisions.
5. Appeals from NCLAT go to the Supreme Court on questions of law.
The National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) and the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT) are quasi-judicial bodies with distinct powers and jurisdictions related to company law matters in India. NCLT handles initial filings and disputes, while NCLAT serves as an appellate body for NCLT's decisions and has jurisdiction over other related matters.
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