India has been undertaking a series of transformative reforms to digitize land records, aimed at reducing disputes, enhancing transparency, and enabling ease of doing business in both rural and urban areas. The cornerstone of these reforms is the Digital India Land Records Modernization Programme (DILRMP), which integrates digitization of textual records (like Khasra, Khatauni, and Jamabandi), cadastral maps, and registration systems. As of 2024, over 95% of rural land records and 68% of maps have been digitized. A major development is the implementation of the Unique Land Parcel Identification Number (ULPIN), or Bhu-Aadhaar, which assigns each land parcel a 14-digit geo-referenced ID, ensuring better traceability and fraud prevention.

Another critical reform is the SVAMITVA Scheme, which uses drone technology to map and digitize land in village abadi areas. This scheme aims to formalize property rights in rural India by issuing property cards, thus enabling people to use their land as a financial asset. By late 2024, over one crore property cards had already been issued, marking a major step in empowering rural households and facilitating access to institutional credit.

States have also launched their own digitization initiatives. For instance, Kerala introduced the ‘Ente Bhoomi’ portal for public access to records, while Karnataka is working on digitizing over 70 crore legacy records. Rajasthan has integrated land registration, mutation, and e-Dharti services, and Maharashtra’s Bhulekh portal is streamlining online access to land details. Odisha has rationalized its land classification system to aid digital conversion, while Uttar Pradesh has allocated over ₹100 crore to set up technical labs and modernize record-keeping systems.

On the legislative front, the central government has proposed the Registration Bill, 2025, to amend the outdated Registration Act of 1908. The new Bill aims to enable fully online property registrations, Aadhaar-based verification, and a paperless document management system. This will not only reduce delays and middlemen but also provide uniformity across states.

Together, these reforms promise a future where land ownership is clearly recorded, easily verifiable, and seamlessly transferrable—contributing to stronger property rights, fewer litigations, and inclusive economic development.

India is reforming land record management through digital initiatives like ULPIN (a unique land ID), online registration, and drone-based mapping under the SVAMITVA scheme. The government is integrating land data with banks, courts, and language tools. Urban areas are being mapped through the Naksha project, and states like Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh have launched their own digital platforms. These reforms aim to reduce disputes, improve transparency, and make land services accessible online.